How do cultural beliefs affect eye contact?

• A. Eye contact is universally a sign of respect
• B. Eye contact always signals interest and trustworthiness
• C. Eye contact may signal interest in some cultures and be seen as rude in others
• D. Eye contact is not used in healthcare interactions

Answer: (C)

Eye contact is a nonverbal cue whose meaning varies with culture. In some cultures, direct gaze signals interest, honesty, and engagement. In others, sustained eye contact can be seen as disrespectful, confrontational, or challenging to social hierarchy or authority. Because meanings differ, eye contact does not have a universal interpretation. That’s why the best description is that it may signal interest in some cultures and be regarded as rude in others. In healthcare, this matters for building trust and rapport: clinicians should align their eye contact with the patient’s comfort and cultural expectations, using warmth and attention without making the patient feel pressured. Always consider individual differences, context, and any barriers the patient might have that affect gaze.